ED433147 PS027883
Title: Participation of Kindergartners through Third-Graders in Before-
and After-School Care. Statistics in Brief.
Author(s): Brimhall, DeeAnn W.; Reaney, Lizabeth M.; West, Jerry
Author Affiliation: National Center for Education Statistics (ED),
Washington, DC.(EDD00004)
Pages: 25
Publication Date: August 1999
Report No: NCES-1999-013
Available from: EDRS Price MF01/PC01 Plus Postage.
Availability: Web site: http://nces.ed.gov/pubsearch/pubsinfo.asp?pubid=1999013
Language: English
Document Type: Numerical/Quantitative Data (110); Reports--Research
(143)
Geographic Source: U.S.; District of Columbia
Journal Announcement: RIEJAN2000
Government Level: Federal
Target Audience: Parents; Policymakers; Practitioners; Researchers
The early
childhood program participation component of the National Household
Education Survey (NHES) was developed to collect information on
children's experiences in a wide range of care settings. Findings
of the NHES for 1995 found that approximately 39 percent of the
nation's primary school children receive some form of nonparental
care before and/or after school on a weekly basis. Children may
receive before- and after-school care in home-based or in center-based
settings, but are more likely to spend time in such care after school
than before school, and are more likely to be cared for by a relative.
Overall, very few children care for themselves before and/or after
school. In general, part-day kindergartners participate in some
form of nonparental care arrangements more than first through third
graders. Black children are more likely to receive after-school
care than children of any other race or ethnicity. While participation
in after-school care does not differ by household income, there
are differences by family type: children living with only one parent
or no parents (guardian or grandparents) are more likely than those
living with both parents to participate in after-school care arrangements.
Children whose mothers did not complete high school are less likely
to receive after-school care than those of mothers with a high school
diploma or college degree. Children were also more likely to participate
in after-school care when their mothers were employed. Kindergartners
through third-graders participated in care an average of 14 hours
a week, either before or after school. White children spend less
time in nonparental care than Black or Hispanic children, and children
from lower income households spend more hours per week in care arrangements
than those from higher income households. Out-of-pocket cost for
families using before- and after-school care varies widely due to
differences in fees and subsidies, and care provided by relatives.
Families who pay for nonparental care spend an average of $33.00
per week. No significant differences in costs were found by race-ethnicity
or family type. Families with higher incomes spend more for care
than those with lower incomes, although the difference was not statistically
significant. (Includes description of NHES survey methodology and
other national data on participation in before- and after-school
care. (HTH)
Descriptors: *After School Programs; Educational Attainment; *Elementary
School Students; Employed Parents; Ethnicity; Family Characteristics;
Family Income; Mothers; Primary Education; Race; *School Age Day
Care; Tables (Data)
Identifiers: Child Care Costs; *National Household Education Survey
